What common type of expansion joint is used in steam distribution systems?

In steam distribution systems, the common type of expansion joint utilized is flexible bellows. Flexible bellows are designed to absorb thermal expansion and contraction that occurs due to temperature fluctuations in steam lines. They enable movement in multiple directions while minimizing the transmission of stress and vibrations that could otherwise lead to joint failure or damage to the piping system.

This flexibility is particularly important in steam distribution systems, where the temperature of the steam can vary widely and can lead to significant expansion of the pipes. The design of flexible bellows allows them to accommodate this movement without imparting stress on other components, ensuring the integrity and longevity of the piping system.

While U-bends, fixed joints, and sliding joints serve specific functions in piping systems, they do not effectively manage the thermal expansion and contraction in the same way that flexible bellows do. Thus, for steam distribution systems where performance and reliability are critical, flexible bellows are the preferred choice for expansion joints.